RigaThe enchanting city of Riga, capital of Latvia and the biggest city in the Baltic States, has emerged from behind the Iron Curtain and is slowly coming into its own as a tourist destination. Picturesquely split in two by the River Daugava, on the south-western coast of the country, Riga served as a major trading port and a crossroads between Western Europe and the East. The modern founding of the city dates back to the 12th century with the arrival of German traders, mercenaries and missionaries, while its older roots date back to a settlement of the ancient Finnic tribe, the Livs.
The city, and Latvia
as a whole, was long caught in a tug of war between the Germans and the Russians, and suffered greatly in World War II when roughly a third of the country's population was exterminated, displaced or fled Nazi persecution. Despite this, Riga boasts a collection of exquisite Art Nouveau buildings that rival those in Vienna, Barcelona and St Petersburg, and the fairytale historic city center is a delight to explore.
As the cultural and economic center of the country, Riga is home to plenty of top-class museums, galleries and performing arts centers, as well as a range of sophisticated bars, clubs and restaurants. The city is fast gaining a reputation as a party capital, and its vibrant nightlife draws hundreds of weekenders from all over Europe.
For a more traditional Latvian experience, it is well worth braving the winter cold to enjoy a spot of ice fishing, ice skating on the frozen Daugava River or a
pirt, a rigorous sauna that involves being beaten with dried birch branches. With over 800 years of history, a UNESCO World Heritage Site listed historic city center and a modern buzz, Riga remains a largely undiscovered gem with plenty to delight and enchant the visitor.
Getting Around: Riga has a well-developed and relatively cheap public transport system that consists of buses, minibuses, trams and trolley buses. Most transit runs from 5.30am to 11.30pm and some routes run a regular night service. Tickets can be bought on the bus, trolley or tram. Final destinations are marked on the front of all transport vehicles. Taxis are readily available; it is worth noting that licensed cabs will have a yellow number plate. One can risk an unlicensed taxi, but drivers usually turn off the meter and the price needs to be negotiated beforehand. Riga's ferry terminal is located outside the city center and the central train station will take commuters to destinations such as Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.
Climate: Riga has a moderate climate, influenced by its close proximity to the sea. Summers tend to be short and cool with cloud cover, and temperatures average around 64°F (18°C) in July. Winters are usually long, dark and cold, with temperatures averaging around 28°F (-2°C) in January. Snowfall is heavy and cover usually lasts from mid-December to mid-March. The city is overcast for roughly 40 percent of the year.
