Canberra was chosen as Australia’s capital city in 1908, resolving a long-running debate between the main rivals of Sydney and Melbourne, and the
Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is the land that was placed around it.
The territory is a small area, 80km (50 miles) from north to south and about 30km (20 miles) wide, carved out of pre-existing land. Yet, despite its size there are historic homesteads, parks and hills to roam, thick
bushland to frolic in,
wineries and
wildlife parks. Indeed half of the Territory is protected via national park or nature
reserves. The
Snowy Mountains, jutting out of nearby New South Wales, are a brilliant border to the territory’s picture-perfect scene.
Canberra retains its own distinct atmosphere having evolved from quiet bushland home for the nation’s bureaucrats and politicians to a
buzzing city offering multicultural cuisine, thumping festivals and an active student population. As holder of national treasures such as the National Gallery and National Museum, Canberra offers plenty for culture vultures. Designed by the American architect Walter Burley Griffin, it is a deliberately
spacious city, from its large areas of parkland to the 11km (7-mile) lake to the circular layout around the Parliamentary Center.
GeographyCanberra is located in the Australian Capital Territory on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range, and was conceived in the early 1900s in order to create a capital city in a federal state separate from any of the uniting states. Spectacular green countryside is ringed by mountains nearly 600m (2,000ft) above sea level. Lake Burley-Griffin, a manmade lake, is the centerpiece of this constantly expanding modern capital. Hills, trees and greenery remain prominent among the architecture of a city that is attractive, tidy, spacious and efficient as befits the national capital city.
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