Outstandingly dramatic,
Botswana encompasses striking salt pans, diamond-rich deserts and fertile flood plains which teem with game. The north, in particular, offers superb
wildlife-watching opportunities, making this one of southern Africa's top
safari destinations.
A sizable proportion of the country - over 40% - is given over to
national parks,
reserves and
private concessions, where tourists crane their necks out of jeeps to check out the roving animals. But Botswana's policy of favoring low-impact luxury tourism ensures that even the most famous
game-viewing areas rarely feel crowded.
The jewel in Botswana's crown is, without a doubt, the
Okavango Delta - the largest inland delta in the world. Its seasonal
lagoons and waterways are crammed with hovering
birds, while
zebras and
giraffes amble across vast grass flats. Northeast of here is Chobe National Park, home to gigantic
elephant herds, some of them 400-strong.
Botswana is one of Africa's success stories. Since gaining independence in 1966, it has achieved steady economic growth through successful exploitation of its agricultural potential and its enviable diamond reserves. It has not escaped controversy - the HIV/AIDS pandemic and alleged maltreatment of the
Kalahari Bushmen have caused international concern - but it remains a peaceful and stable nation of remarkable natural beauty.
GeographyBotswana is landlocked, bordered to the south and east by South Africa, to the northeast by Zimbabwe and to the north and west by Namibia. It also touches Zambia just west of the Victoria Falls. The tableland of the Kalahari Desert covers the center and south. The principal wildlife areas are the Okavango Delta to the northwest, the largest inland delta in the world, which includes the Moremi Game Reserve; Chobe National Park in the north, including Savute and the Linyanti Marshes; and Kgalagadi Transfrontier National Park in the far southwest, co-managed with South Africa.
The majority of the population lives in the southeast around Gaborone, Serowe and Kanye along the South African border. The vast arid sandveld of the Kalahari occupies much of central and western Botswana. The seasonal rains bring a considerable difference to the vegetation, especially in the Makgadikgadi Pans and the Okavango Delta.
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